Subarctic Eurasia
Subarctic Eurasia covers most of the landmass of Russia and the Nordic countries—Iceland, Norway, Sweden, and Finland—and makes up the northern section of the Palearctic realm with four major subrealms as defined in the One Earth Bioregions Framework—Palearctic Tundra, Scandinavian Boreal Forests, Siberian Boreal Forests, and the Sea of Okhotsk & Bering Tundra-Taiga. Palearctic Tundra stretches across the Eurasian continent, surrounding the eastern half of the Arctic Circle. The boreal and coastal forests of Scandinavia extend eastward and meet the Ural Mountains. Siberia is a vast expanse of boreal forests and taiga with some alpine tundra covering much of Russia. The Sea of Okhotsk & Bering Tundra-Taiga subrealm, which includes Sakhalin Island, is particularly important for biodiversity with dense old-growth forests and one of the most biodiverse marine regions in the world, a feeding ground for four whale species, seals, and abundant fish populations.
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Ural Mountains & West Eurasian Taiga Forests (PA8)
Total Land Area (1000 ha): 233,697 Number of Ecoregions: 2 Protection Target: 52% Protection Level: 2The Ural Mountains & West Eurasian Taiga Forests Bioregion is located in the Scandinavia & West Boreal Forests subrealm in Subarctic Eurasia (northern Palearctic) and contains two ecoregions totaling more than 233 million hectares of land area.
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Scandinavian Birch & Coastal Conifer Forests (PA3)
Total Land Area (1000 ha): 26,327 Number of Ecoregions: 2 Protection Target: 72% Protection Level: 4The Scandinavian Birch & Coastal Conifer Forests bioregion is located in the Scandinavia & West Boreal Forests subrealm in Subarctic Eurasia (northern Palearctic) and contains two ecoregions totaling more than 26 million hectares of land area.
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Iceland (PA2)
Total Land Area (1000 ha): 9,168 Number of Ecoregions: 1 Protection Target: 71% Protection Level: 2The Iceland bioregion is located in the Scandinavia & West Boreal Forests subrealm in Subarctic Eurasia (northern Palearctic) and contains one single ecoregion—Iceland Boreal Birch Forests and Alpine Tundra—totaling approximately nine million hectares of land area.
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Greater Eurasian Tundra (PA4)
Total Land Area (1000 ha): 197,393 Number of Ecoregions: 6 Protection Target: 88% Protection Level: 2The Greater Eurasian Tundra bioregion is located in the Palearctic Tundra subrealm of Subarctic Eurasia (northern Palearctic) and contains six ecoregions totaling more than 197 million hectares of land area.
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Russian Arctic Desert Islands (PA1)
Total Land Area (1000 ha): 16,182 Number of Ecoregions: 1 Protection Target: 39% Protection Level: 10The Russian Arctic Desert islands bioregion is located in the Palearctic Tundra subrealm of Subarctic Eurasia (northern Palearctic) and contains one single ecoregion totaling more than 16 million hectares of land area.
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Sea of Okhotsk Coastal Taiga, Meadows & Tundra (PA6)
Total Land Area (1000 ha): 75,336 Number of Ecoregions : 5 Protection Target: 86% Protection Level : 1The Sea of Okhotsk Coastal Taiga, Meadows & Tundra bioregion is located in the Sea of Okhotsk & Bering Tundra-Taiga subrealm in Subarctic Eurasia (northern Palearctic) and contains five ecoregions totaling more than 75 million hectares of land area.
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East Eurasian Coastal Tundra (PA5)
Total Land Area (1000 ha): 78,187 Number of Ecoregions: 3 Protection Target: 92% Protection Level: 1The East Eurasian Coastal Tundra bioregion is located in the Sea of Okhotsk & Bering Tundra-Taiga subrealm in Subarctic Eurasia (northern Palearctic) and contains three ecoregions.
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